The Control Strategies of Illegal Small Arms and Light Weapons (SMLW) (3 – 3)

A number of states had adopted this method, like the Sudan, so as to carry out the duty of security by the least financial cost, and to combat the illegal armament when the area of the war of the south had expanded for the first time at the beginning of the seventies and after the collapse of Addis Ababa Accord for the second time. Where the idea of the involvement of the citizen in the defense process had came into being and implemented in 1989 in a large-scale, when the military operations reached Kordofan and the Blue Nile states and became difficult for the state to provide security to the citizens, the illegal armament started to increase and the black market started to recover and the tribe emerged as on organizational unite to which the individual resorts in the achievement of security, which represented a great threat to the national unity.
     Yet, by the establishment of the Popular Defense Forces and the Popular Police, all the youth united in the various areas under the national banner and they rushed to the centers of military training by the regulars in accordance with the national military culture; rather they managed to put the unlicensed personal arms in their possession under the disposal of their commanders and they participated with (arms) in the keeping of security, which rendered the negative effects of more than two millions unlicensed pieces of arms widespread in the parts of the Sudan, a hardly motioned ones and they are confined in the groups which use them in the crime which are outside the control program. This, because 92% of the youths who were armed with unlicensed personal arms had been trained in the reserve institutions and they were transformed into a positive balance with a considerable role in the keeping of the balance of power and security and currently they are ready for the arms control and registration procedures, rather to hand it over voluntarily upon the availability of security and the disappearance of the reasons for armament. We think that the demand control strategy and the attempt to halt its causes is more useful than the attempt to halt the supply in spite of its importance. From this experience, we can develop a summary of the comprehensive method for the control of illegal arms which may be consistent and relevant to the political, economic and social conditions of the African developing states.
Components of the comprehensive strategy for the control of the small arms:
     The comprehensive strategy for the control of small arms is the strategy based on actual information's about the reality, history and motives for the proliferation of illegal arms, and it aims to control it through the resolution and addressing the real causes behind the armament through the dealing with the supply and demand a like.
     We can precisely determine the components in the following:
1- The importance of the philosophy of defense collectivity for the state, enlargement of the concept of security and implementation's partners in the achievement of security, as it is incumbent to determine the role of the citizen and the local communities in this respect.
2- Determination of the standing and expected security challenges, studying of the points of strengths and weakness, the opportunities and threats to the security sector and developing it to face the challenges.
3- To conduct a comprehensive field survey of the illegal arms which includes date of proliferation, types of arms, estimation of their numbers, motives for armament and the armed mens' vision on the means of control.
4- To determine the areas which enjoy security in which the law can be applied, collection of arms by force, the areas which suffer from security threats, are exceeding the capacities of the military institutions for the following of the method of control, registration and establishment of support institutions which will administer them.
5- To work for the arms registration, regulation of the individuals, and regulation of the training doses in accordance with the national vision
6- To determine the implementation partners from the media, local communities, and voluntary organizations and to determine their role in accordance with a comprehensive strategic plan and in the annual and periodical plan of action.
7- To estimate the financial resources and to work for their provision.
8- To determine the mechanisms of assessment and the regular evaluation of the strategic plan, implantation plans and programs of action.
9- To determine the general principles which ensure achievement of the objectives and the non-deviation of the program.
10- To train the working force so as to enable it to perform its assigned tasks for each of their groups and to disseminate awareness among local communities for the creation of effective partnerships.
Conclusion:
     In spite of the complications of the illegal proliferation of small arms and light weapons in Africa south of the Sahara, nevertheless, there exists an adequate political will to overcome this complicated problem. Figures and evidences indicate that the control of the supply is required, but it is not the most important means at present. Rather, the control of the supply for the halting of the possession and the work for the of controlling of the use of the already spreader arms is the important and useful issue at present. To achieve this objective, and to control the arms, it is incumbent to have an integrated method based on the actual knowledge of reality and an integration between the mechanisms of collection and control, in which the roles of partners of implementation are integrated, and it shall be founded on general principles which ensure the resolution of the problems without the creation of new problems, or complicating the existing problems, and this is what will be achieved by the method which is based on the collectivity of the defense duty more than others.